Switched Ethernet:

It is the mainstream network model today

Initially, bridges were used as transmission devices, and now switches both follow the IEEE802.1D protocol, also known as the transparent bridge protocol.

The difference between switches and bridges is that switches have more ports, stronger forwarding capabilities, and richer features than bridges; They also use CSMA/CD to solve the conflict problem, but the conflict here is different from the former, as it is detected separately for each port.

We just need to remember the following mnemonic:

Each port of the switch is an independent conflict domain.

Each port of the hub is in the same conflict domain.